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Fluid and electrolyte disturbance is the primary common cause of death among individuals with anorexia nervosa due to the severe imbalances that can occur in the body as a result of inadequate nutrition and extreme caloric restriction. Individuals with this eating disorder often experience dehydration, an imbalance of electrolytes, and a disruption in cardiovascular function which can lead to arrhythmias and other serious complications.

These imbalances arise from a combination of factors associated with anorexia, such as purging behaviors, which can further exacerbate the loss of essential minerals like sodium, potassium, and calcium. Such disturbances can trigger acute medical crises, including cardiac arrest, which is often the immediate cause of death in these cases.

While malnutrition, heart failure, and organ failure are serious considerations in individuals with anorexia, the acute effects of fluid and electrolyte disturbances are the most immediate and life-threatening, making them the central concern in the management of this eating disorder. Additionally, addressing fluid and electrolyte levels is critical in the treatment and recovery of individuals suffering from anorexia to prevent these life-threatening complications.